Normally Greatest risk for heat-related illness include infants and children up to four years of age, people 65 years of age and older, people who are overweight, and people who are ill or on certain medications.
In hot summer we have to know about two things. One is heat stroke and heat exhaustion.
Heatstroke, which can be fatal, comes on rather suddenly. Warning signs include headache, weakness, and sudden loss of consciousness. Victims of heatstroke usually don’t sweat much. Their pulses are very rapid and their skin is hot and dry. They also have extremely high body temperatures.
Heatstroke victims should be cooled off as quickly as possible by wrapping or immersing them in ice or cold water. After taking these emergency measures, take victims to the hospital immediately.
Heat exhaustion(/tiredness) is a less serious but much more common condition. Warning signs include excessive urination, gradual weakness, nausea, anxiety or agitation, and excessive sweating. Unlike heatstroke, heat exhaustion causes pale, clammy skin, and a weak, slow pulse. Victims of heat exhaustion often feel faint or disoriented.
The best thing to do for victims of heat exhaustion is to have them take it easy for a while. Find them a shady spot or an air-conditioned building to sit or lie down in. Give them a few ounces of cool water every few minutes.
Steps to be taken on hear related illness:
1. Get the sufferer to a shady area. Use fans or air conditioning to keep indoor air moving.
2. Cool the victim rapidly, using whatever methods you can. For example, immerse the victim in a tub of cool water; place the person in a cool shower; spray the victim with cool water from a garden hose; sponge the person with cool water; or if the humidity is low, wrap the victim in a cool, wet sheet and fan him or her vigorously.
3. Provide a lot of water. It is easy to lose fluids in the heat. Offer the children something to drink frequently throughout the day. A few ounces every 20 minutes is better than large amounts taken at infrequent intervals.
4. Get medical assistance as soon as possible. If emergency medical personnel are delayed, call the hospital emergency room for further instructions.
5. Do not give the victim alcohol to drink.
6. Drink cool, nonalcoholic beverages.
7. Try to take food which is available in this summer and which is not hot for your stomach.
8. Take proper rest.